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1^ J — 




A HAND-BOOK 



OF 



WASHINGTON 



Pennsylvania Railroad. 



PASSENliER DEPARTMENT. 
G. A. R. 1:N( AMI'MLNT lihllloN. 



Press of 

ALLEN, LANE & SCOT! 
Philadelphia. 



Copyrighted, 1892. 



FAG-SIMILES OF C. A. R. AND CORPS RADGES. 



SIGNAL CORPS. ENGINEEfT^ • CORPS 





HANCOCKSV CORPS 




WJTOMAC. CAV. CORPS. 



m^ \ 



G. A.R. 




♦ 




+ 






• 



















All the corps liadgcs uscil during 

The badge shown for the i 

each corvs were 



tlic War of the Rebellion, 1861-65, •''re here shown. Neither the 13th nor the aist corps had a badge. 
3;h corps was adopted i.i 1SS7, ly the surviving mcra'.K:rs of that co.-ps. The di;rorcnt divUions of 
represented as follows: ;st Division, red; 2d, white; 3d, blue; <th, green; 5th, orange. 



1ST Corps. 

Ml DOWFLL, 
KlIVNOLDS, 
\\' AIlSWOKTH, 

Newton. 
2d Corps. 

SUMNEK, 
Col'CH, 

Sfugwick, 
Hancock, 
Havks, 
\\'akki'n. 
Hi MriiKBYs. 

3d Corps. 

Hbintzei.man 

Kl'AKNRV, 

Stonhman, 

SiCKLBS, 

Emench. 



4th Corps. 
Keys, 

(iKANCiBR, 

HOWAKI), 

Wood, 

Stanii-y. 

5th Corps. 

Banks, 

Pohti;k, 

HooKI'K, 
Hl'TTEKIIELIl 

.Meade, 

SVKES, 

Wakrev, 

CiMIKFIN. 

6TH Corps. 
F'kanklin, 
Smii n, 
Seixiwick, 
(Iktty, 

Wl<ll,liT. 



7th Corps. 10th Corps. 13th Corps. 16th Corps. 



DiX, I MiTCnKLL, 

Naole, Brannon, 

Steele, Hunter, 

Reynolds. Igilmore, 
! Terky, 
! Brooks, 
8th Corps. Birney, 

Wood. 

.^CIIENCK 



i.ockwood, 

Wallace, 

Ord. 



9th Corps. 

Bl'RNSIDK, 

Willco.\, 
Smii H, 

Makke, 

PolTER. 



Ames. 

11th Corps. 



Siec.el, 

SrAHEL, 

Von Sthinwkhr 

ScHfRZ, 
HoWAKI). 

12th Corps. 

Manspikld, 
Williams, 

SLOCU.M. 



Grant, I Hijrlbut, 

McClernand, Dana, 

OrU, : S.MITri. 

Dana, 
Granger. ' 

17th Corps. 

14th Corps. McPherson, 

RosENCRANS, Bt-AIH 

Tho.mas, 
Palmer, 

Johnson, 
Davis. 



Ransom, 
Belknap. 



15th Corps. 

Sherman, 
Blair, 

I.OtiAN, 

osteriiacs, 
Hazbn, 



18th Corps. 

loSTEl!, 

Palmkr. 

BlTLER, 

Smiiii, 
Okd, 

CilIlIION, 

Wbitzkl. 



1 9th Corps . 

B.\nks, 

Franklin, 

Kmory, 

Reynolds, 

G ROVER. 

20th Corps. 

McCook, 

Hooker. 

Williams, 

Slochm, 

lioWBR. 

21ST Corps. 

Crittkndun, 

Wood, 

Palmer. 

22d Corps. 

Heintzelman, 

Parke, 

AucuR. 



23d Corp; 
Hartsi'ff, 

.M ANSON, 

Cox. 

Stoneman, 
sciiofield, 
Carter. 



Ord, 
I'errv, 
Devens, 

GlIlBON, 
TlRNliK. 



Wbitzbl, 
Heckman. 



ANNIAI. I:NC'.\.MI\MHNT 

OK THK 

Graxi) Army oi" iiii': Ri:i'i ni.ic 

® 

26th NAI'IO.NAL 1-:NCAMI'MK.\'I", 

WASHINGTON, D. C, 

SEPTEMBER 2otli AXD 2ist, iSgs. 



Brikk Skkich of line I-Orma rmx and Ohjkct of the 
(jKani> Army oi' iiik Rki'II'.mc. 

THE Grand Army of the Republic is a ci\ic organiza- 
tion, composed of ex-Union soldiers ant! sailors of the 
Civil War from 1861 to 1865. Its motto is " F"rater- 
nity. Charity, and Loyalty ;" its object, to look after dis- 
abled and other \eterans and the widows and orphans of 
those who ha\e fallen in battle. 

The Union army disbanded in 1S65 and threw l)ack into 
ci\il life, it is estimated, one million se\en hundred and 
twenty-se\en thousand ihrcc liuiulred and lift\-three Union 
soldiers antl sailors, or one million six hundred and hlty- 
two thousand one hundred and seventy-eight e\-sokliers and 
seventy-five thousand one liundred antl eighty ex-sailors. 
Wise statesmen expressed alarm lest this body of trained 
warriors should prove a thorn in the side of the Republic. 
lC.\peri( lUH', lio\\(\ CI', has shown how nt'i'dless this anxii'ty 
was. The peace and good order ol the secti(»ns where this 
disbanded armv li\ed became more conservative and order- 
lo\ ing than c\ er. 

(3) 



Many men were crippled , many families incapable of ob- 
taining a living without aid. Charity, the result of war, ap- 
peals to all. Many small organizations grew out of this feel- 
ing during the years 1865-66. In 1866 Major (Dr.) B. F. 
Stevenson, along with others, took up the subject, and the 
result was a meeting at .Springfield, 111., on July 12th, 1866, 
of ex-Union soldiers and sailors, and an organization was 
effected with General John M. Palmer, now United States 
Senator from Illinois, as an active promoter. 

The subordinate organizations of the Grand Army ot the 
Republic are called " Posts," and none can be named after a 
living man. The posts within a .State, Territory, or the 
District of Columbia collectively make a department, which 
holds annual encampments, composed of delegates from 
posts, and delegates from these several departments make 
the national encampment, which meets annually at some 
point selected by the preceding one. 

The first Grand Army Post was organized at Decatur, 
111., April 6th, 1866, by Major B. F. Stevenson. The 
first Department Con\ention was held at Springfield, 111., 
July 22d, 1866. The first National Convention of the 
Grand Army of the Republic was held at Indianapolis, 
Ind., November 20th, 1866, and annually thereafter. Gen- 
eral John A. Logan, who was elected Commander-in-Chief of 
the Grand Army of the Republic in 1868, created Memorial 
Day, May 30th of each year, a national holiday, set aside 
for decorating the graves of the Union soldiers. 

The order had commended itself to the ex-Union soldiers 
and sailors, and the widows and orphans of such, and its 
charity fimd has aided many to keep the wolf from the door. 
In 1892 it numbers more than seven thousand posts with 
almost fi\e hundred thousand nu'mbers, in every North- 
ern State, and in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, 



5 

Louisiana, Mississippi, Tcniicsscr, and Xiij^inia. In this 
order the private is eciual to the officer, and the officer 
no better than the ])ri\atc-. The one coinnion term, "Com- 
rade," is apj^Hed to all. 

PAST COMM.\NnKRS-lX-(.lllI.l ol" Till-: CRAM) ARMY 
ol- 'II 11-: Rl-.ITI'.LIC. 

B. F. Stfa-enson. Illinois iS66, 1867 

Stkphf.n a. HiRi.iuT, Illinois 1867,1868 

John A. Logan, Illinois 1 868-1 87 1 

Ambrose E. IUknsidk, Rhode Island : . . 1871- 1S73 

Charles Dkvine, Jr., Massachusetts 1873-1S75 

loHN F. Hartranft Pennsylvania 1875-1877 

|<)HN C. RoiuNSON, New \'ork 1877 1879 

Wn.i.iAM Earnshaw, Ohio 1879. ''"^So 

Locis Wagner. Pennsylvania 18S0, iSSi 

George S. Merrill, Massachusetts 1881, 18S2 

Pail Van Der X'oort, Nebraska 18S2, 1S83 

Robert B. Beath, Peinisylvania 1883, 18S4 

John S. Kovntz. Ohio 1S84, 1S85 

S. S. BiRDETT, District of Columbia 18S5, 1886 

Liciis Fairchili>, Wisconsin 1886, 1887 

John P. Re.v, Minnesota ... 1887, 1888 

Wn,LL\M Warner, Missouri . . 1SS8, 1889 

Rlssell a. Al<;kr, Miclii.ii,an ■ 18S9, 1890 

W. G. Veasev 1890,1891 

loHN Palmer, New York . . • ... 1891,1892 

The officers of the ('.rand Army of the Republic tor 
1891-2, elected at Detroit, Mich., August 7th, 1S91, and 
the staff are as follows: John Palmer, of Albany, X. ^■., 
C%)mmander-in-Chief, heatl(|uarters, No. 452 Hroadwa)- : 
Ilemy M. l)utfuld. of Detroit, Mich., Senior X'ice Com- 
mander-in-Chief; r. .S. Cdarkson, Omaha, Xeb.. Junior 
Vice Conuiiander-in-Chief : Henj. !•'. .SteveiLson. .Suroeon- 
C.eniral. \isalia, Ky. : Re\. .S. H. Paine-, St. Augustine. 
Fla., Chaplain-in-Chiel". i'he Council of Aihninistration 



consists of one member elected for each department — 
forty-five in all. The staff appointed by the Commander- 
in-Chief is : P^rederick Phisterer, of Albany, N. Y., Adju- 
tant General ; John Taylor, Philaladelphia, Pa., Quarter- 
master-General ; John F. Pratt, Orange, N. J., Inspector- 
General ; Joseph W. O'Neall, Lebanon, Ohio, Judge- Ad- 
vocate General ; David U. Quick, Albany, N. Y., Assistant 
Adjutant-General. The various committees and a corps 
of aides-de-camp number about one hundred in all. 

The Twenty-sixth Annual National Encampment of the 
Grand Army of the Republic will be held at Washington, 
D. C, September 20th and 21st, 1S92, and the Reunion 
following. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad, with its splendid equip- 
ment, double tracks, and block system of signals, reaching 
trom the Mississippi on the west and the Lakes on the 
north to the Atlantic seaboard and the South, will afford 
ample and safe opportunity for Grand Army of the Re- 
public posts, ex-soldiers and sailors, and visitors who intend 
visiting Washington during the Encampment and Re- 
union, which will continue several days. Washington will 
l)e in gala dress, and the beautiful city with its wide ave- 
nues and streets will afford ample opportunity for those 
who participate in the parades, as well as those who wish to 
witness one of the grandest pageants of modern times. It 
is expected that sixty thousand ex-soldiers will be in line, and 
all of the leading surviving officers of note will review them. 

The quiet of peace will again be broken for a time bv 
the blast of the music of war, but drum and bugle will beat 
and blow only lor ])eace. (Jld friends will meet, and march- 
ing lines of bronzed warriors will cheer for the splendid Re- 
public re-united by the throes of blootlv war. Washington 
was the centre ol military ojjerations on the j)art of the 



I'nioii torccs durin.u the entire war. from iS6i to 1S65. and 
the ()l>jective point of the movements of the Confederate 
forces for the same period. It was the great central i)oint 
of Tnion organi/ation, and was fully fortified and contained 
a large garrison. 

An idea can he formed t)f llu' magnitude of tin- war 
when some few facts are presented. 

More than four hundred and si.xty battles, affairs, and 
skirmishes were fought to the north, west, and south ot 
Washington, and within a radius of one hundred and filty 
miles. 

The estimated cost of the War of the Rebellion, from 
1S61 to 1865. is $5,000,000,000. The Union pensioners, 
men, women, and children, in 1S91 was six hundred and 
seventy-si.x thousand one hundred and sixty. The amount 
paid in monev for pensions in 1S91 was :r^I 18,548,859.7 1 . 
The I'nion army in the War of the Rebellion was the 
largest of modern times and the war was the greatest of the 
century. The white troops, all arms of the serxice. were 
(enlistments): two million four hundred and ninety-lour 
thousand five huntlred and ninety-two ; the sailors, one hun- 
dred and one thousand two hundred and seven ; the colored 
trooi)s, one hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hun- 
dred and seventy-tive ; Indians, from the Indian nations, 
thirtv-fne hundred and thirty. Total, two million .seven 
hundri-d aiul seventy-eight thousand three hundretl and 
four. Killed or died from wounds, one hundred and ten 
thousand and seventy : and disease, one hundred and mnety- 
nini- thousand sewn hundred and twenty : and from other 
causes, in all a total of three- hundred and fifty-nine thou- 
sand five huiulred and twenty-eight. Deserters estimated, 
one hundred and seventeen thousand two humlreil anil 
forty-seven. Reiluced to a three years' standard the total 



enlistments were two million three hundred and twenty- 
four thousand h\e hundred and sixteen, as follows : — 

Statement of number of men called for by the President of the 
United States, and the number furnished by each State and Terri- 
tory to the close of Vie War of the Rebellion. 



StA 1 ES 
AND 

Territories. 



Maine 

New Hampshire . . . 

Vermont 

Massachnsetts .... 
Rhode Island .... 

Connecticut 

New York 

New Jersey . . 
Pennsylvania .... 

Delaware 

Maryland 

West Virginia .... 
District of Colmnhia . 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

Kentucky 

Kansas 

Tennessee 

Arkansas 

North Carolina . . . 

California 

Nevada . 

Oregon 

Washington Territory 
Xehraska Territory '. 
Colorado Territory 
Dakota Territory . . 
New .Mexico Territory 

.Alabama 

Florida 

Louisiana 

.Mississijipi 

Texas 



Indian Nation . . 
Colored Troops* 



Total 



Quota. 



73,587 

35-897 

32,074 

139,095 

18,898 

44,797 

507,148 

92,820 

385,369 

13,935 

70,965 

34,463 

13,973 

306,322 

199,788 

244,496 

95,007 

109,080 

26,326 

79,521 

122,496 

100,782 

12,931 

1,360 

780 

1,560 



Aggregate. 




.A.ggregate 


Men fur- 
nished. 


Paid 
commu- 


Total. 


a three 
vears' 


tation. 




standard. 


70,107 


2,007 


72,114 


56,776 


33,937 


692 


34,629 


30,849 


33,288 


1,974 


35,262 


29,068 


146,730 


5,318 


152,048 


124,104 


23,236 


463 


23,699 


17,866 


55,864 


1,515 


57,379 


50,623 


448,850 


18,197 


467,047 


392,270 


76,814 


4,196 


8r,oio 


57,908 


337,9.36 


28,171 


366,107 


265,517 


12,284 1 1,386 


13,670 


10,322 


46,638 


3,678 


50,316 


41,275 


32,068 




32,068 


27,714 


i6,.534 


338 


16,872 


11,506 


■313,180 


6,479 


319,659 


240,514 


196,363 


784 


197,147 


153,576 


2.59,092 55 


259,147 


214,133 


87,364 


2,008 


89,372 


80,111 


91,327 


5,097 


96,424 


79,260 


24,020 


1,032 


25,052 


19,693 


76,242 


67 


76,309 


68,6^0 


109,111 .... 


109,111 


86,530 


75,760 




„2b.S 


79,025 


70,832 


20,149 




2 


20,151 


18,706 


31,092 






31.092 


26,.l94 


8,289 








8,289 


7,836 


3,156 








3.I,S6 


3,156 


15,725 








15.725 


15,725 


1,080 








1,080 


1,080 


1,810 








i.Sio 


1,773 


964 








964 


964 


3,157 








3.157 


■2,175 


4,903 






4,903 


3,697 


206 








206 


206 


6,561 








6,561 


4,432 


2,576 








2,576 


i,6ir 


1,290 








1,290 


1,290 


5,224 








5,224 


4,654 


545 








545 


545 


.1,965 








1,965 


1,632 


3,530 








3,530 


3,530 


99,337 




99,337 


96,033 


2,778,304 1 86,724 


2,865,028 


2,324,516 



* Colored Troops organized at various stations in the States in rebellion, em- 
bracing all not specifically credited to States, and which cannot be so assigned. 

W.-\R Department, 
Record and Pension Division, Jatiuaty, 181)2. 



Dchiw.iR- runiisluHl more- troops tor the liiion :uniy m 
l)roporti(>n to population than any State in the I nion. 
Kansas furnished seventy-two per cent of its military popu- 
lation, 1)V the census of iS6o, to the I'nion army. 

The Tnion army contained one hundred and seventy- 
five thousand men of ( ierman birth, one hundred and filty- 
thousand of Irish hirth. l-Ji-lish hirlh fifty thousand, Hritish- 
America fiftv thousand, and all other countries seventy-five 
thousand. More than three-fomths of the Union army was 
native born. The mean age of the Union soldiers who en- 
listed was twenty-fne years. The age of the killed was 
slightl>- over twenty-tive years. The Thirty-seventh Iowa, 
the "(".ray Beard regiment," was organized from men over 
forty-fne years of age. The average of the men was fifty- 
seven years : three were over eighty, seven over seventy, 
and one hundred and twenty-three over sixty years of age. 
The a\erage height of the entire Union army was five 
feet eight and one-quarter inches. Maine, Indiana, Mis- 
souri, and Kentucky furnished the tallest men. The West 
Virginians averaged five feet nine inches in height. In one 
million noted, thirty-si.x hundred and thirteen were over six 
ket three inches in height, and some were said to be over 
seven feet. The tallest man vouched for was Captain \'an 
Huskirk of the Twenty-seventh Indiana Infantry. He was 
eighty-two and a half inches without his shoes, or six leet 
ti-n and a half inches. The shortest man was a private in 
the One llumlred ami Ninety-second Ohio X'olunteer In 
fantry. IK' was a good soldier, lie w.is twenty-four years 
(.f age, and only forty inches in height. The average weight 
ol" the Union soldiers was one hundred and forty-three and 
out- halt pounds. 

Their occupations : lorty-eight per cent, were larmers ; 
twenty-four per cent, mechanics ; sixteen per cent, laborers ; 



lO 

five per cent, were in commercial pursuits ; three per cent, 
professional men ; four per cent, miscellaneous vocations. 
There were twenty hundred and forty-seven regiments of 
all arms in the Ihiion army, viz., sixteen hundred and ninety- 
six regiments of infan.try, two hundred and seventy-two regi- 
ments and two companies of cavalry, and seventy-eight regi- 
ments and two batteries of artillery, or nine hundred and 
thirty-six batteries of six and four guns each ; of these, three 
hundred regiments were never in a battle. There were 
twenty-two hundreci and sixty-one battles, engagements, and 
affairs between the Union and Confederate forces in the war 
from 1 86 1 to 1865. Gettysburg was the greatest battle of 
the war, Antietam the bloodiest. The largest army assembled 
by the Confederates was at the Seven Days' battles, viz. , 
ninety-four thousand one hundred and thirty-eight men ac- 
tually engaged ; by the Union forces at the Wilderness, viz. , 
one hundred and eighteeen thousand seven hundred and 
sixty-nine, actual and effective. There were about twenty- 
three thousand men killed and wounded at Gettysburg on 
either side. The Confederate army is put down as being 
between six and seven hundred and fifty thousand men. 
Its loss in killed and mortally wounded was ten per cent. ; 
the Union loss five per cent. Sixty-three hundred and 
sixty-five Union officers were killed or died of wounds, and 
ninety-six thousand eight hundred and eighty-five privates ; 
one officer to about seventeen privates. Sixty-seven Union 
general officers were killed. In proportion to the number 
engaged, the First Minnesota Infantry, at the battle of Get- 
ty.sburg, sustained the greatest loss of any regiment in any 
single action during the war. The regiment took two hun- 
dred and sixty-three officers and men into the battle. It lost 
fifty killed and one hundred and seventy-four wounded. 
None were missing ; the total was two hundred and twenty- 



1 1 



four, leaving l)ul ihirty-cisht officers antl men uiUouclud. 
Seventeen officers were killed and woundtd. The percent- 
age of kilKcl in this engagement in this regiment is lui- 
e(inaletl in military statistics. The l-'ifth New Hampshire 
Infantry lost two hundred and ninety-five men killed <>r 
mortally wounded during its four years of service, the great- 
est total loss sustained in battle by any one Union regi- 
ment. 

The Confederates killed in action or dying of wounds is 
given at, an estimate, of course, about ninety-four thousand, 
and seventy-five thousand died of disease. TheyJiad five 
hundred and twenty-nine regiments and eighty-five bat- 
talions of inlantry, one hundred and twenty-seven regi- 
ments and forty-seven battalions of cavalry, eight regiments 
and one battallion of Partisan Rangers, five regiments and 
six batteries of heavy artillery, and two hundred and sixty- 
one batteries of light artiller)-. In all. se\en hundretl and 
sixty-four regiments of ten companies each. These regi- 
ments were constantly recruited and kept up in numbers, 
and all were used for fighting. .Some of their regimental 
losses were frightful. At Gettysburg, the first day, the 
Twenty-sixth North Carolina went into action with eight 
hundred men. Tluv lost eighty-six killed and five hundred 
and two wounded, and one hundred and twenty missing — a 
total of seven hundred and eight, leaving ninety-two men 
and officers, and but eighty (if them reported the next day. 
Comi)any "C" of the Eleventh North Carolina at Gettys- 
burg, the fu-st day, went into action with thirty-eight men. 
It lost two officers killed, and thirty-four min killetl or 
wounded. On the 3d of July Captain Hinl and his three 
remaining men took part in Pickett's charge. One ol his 
men was killed carrying the Hag. and the captain brought 
it out himsell. 



12 



UNION SURX'IVORS OF THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. 

1. Estimated total number t)f survivors (deserters ex- 

cluded) June 30th, 1890 1,285,471 

2. Total number of men furnished during- the war 

(credits) 2,778,304 

To Army 2,672,341 

To Navy 105,963 

3. Estimated total number of re-enlistments 564,939 

In Army 543,393 

In Navy 21,546 

4. Estimated total number of desertions 121,896 

From Army 117,247 

Fnjin Navy 4,649 

5. Total number of deaths 364,116 

In Army 359,528 

In Navy 4,588 

6. Estimated total number of individuals in service . . . 2,213,365 

In Army 2,128,948 

In Navy • 84,417 

7. Estimated total number of survivors at termination of 

service (deserters excluded) 1,727,353 

In Army 1,652,173 

In Navy 75, 180 

The niarchinj; lines of blue in the streets of Washington 
September 20th and 21st, 1892, will ha\e banners and 
(hainis and btigles in proftusion, but the swords and guns 
have Ipng since gone into the sickle and scythe of peace, 
anci tlieir \ictories now are confined in the strife of com- 
merce and the war ol trade. 



TllH CITY (JK WASHINGTON. 



THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. 

THH Act of Coni^ifss eslahlisliiniLi tlif ])(.rmaiK'nt seat 
of (io\t'riinu'nl of tlu' Initcd States at Washington 
was a|)|)ro\i(l bv ( kik ral Washiiititon, July i6tli, 
1 7c)0. and tin- wisdom ol sm h a nu-asurc has lon>^ since 
Wci'ii |)ro\cn. 

Thf (|iR'stion was a wxcd one bcloic tlu- tnial decision 
as to where the jjennanent seat of ("io\ eminent shouki l)e 
located was si-ttled. aiul was the cause of aniniati-d debates 
in the Continental C'onjuress and unuh ktlin;^ throui^hout 
tile iituntry. 

I*iesitlent Washington, January, 1791. appointed ex- 
9 Ciovernor Thomas Jefi'erson of X'iryinia. Hr. I)a\id Stuart 
of \'irj,nnia, and the Hon. Daniel Carroll of Rock Creek, 
Marvland. the three Commissioners pursuant to the pro- 
\ isions of the act of July i6th, 1790. who wi-re empow- 
erc-<l "to sur\ey" and " tiefuie and limit a district of 
ti-rritorv for the |)ermaiu'nt seat of Ciovermniiu." 

Tht District of Columbia, in which Washington is siiu- 
aliil. was «»ri),iinally ti-n milis s(|uare, co\i-rinj^ an area of 
oni- hundred S(|uare miles. This territory was ceded bv the 
States of X'irijinia and Mar\ land and the l>istrict la\- on 
both sides ol the I'otoniac In 1S46 the |)orlion Ivinj,; on 
the l«)\ver bank <»f the Poloni.ic, inchulinn Alexandria, was 
( cded back to X'irijinia, which reduci-d tlu- an-a of the Dis- 
trict to about sixty scpiare miles, which il now contains, all 

(1:0 



14 



being- north of the Potomac and adjoining Maryland. It 
is entirely under the jurisdiction of the United States. At 
one time the city had a mayor, then a governor appointed 
by the President, and a legislature, and now it is governed 
by three Commissioners appointed by the President. 

The site for the National Capital was finally settled upon 
by the Commissioners and the plan of the city was origi- 
nally designed by the French engineer L' Enfant, and ap- 
proved by General Washington. L' Enfant, an officer en- 
gineer of the French 
Army, had laid out 
the city of Versailles 
and arranged its streets 
so that artillery could 
work from a central 
point down them. This 
was his idea in laying 
out Pennsylvania Ave- 
nue as he did with the 
branch like streets or 
avenues letting into it. 
The seat of Govern- 
ment was transferred 
from Philadelphia in 
iSoo. President John Adams was the first President to 
come to Washington and to occupy the . White House. 
F'or many years the dexelopment was slow, the broad 
avenues were unadorned with buildings, and the skel- 
eton of the present city, on account of the straggling nature 
of its improvements and the great gaps between its build- 
ings, gained the sobriciuet of "the city of magnificent 
distances'" — a title bestowed in scorn l)\- a sneering for- 
eigner, but now turned into a designation of merit by the 




A BIT OF THE CAPITOL Roll 



15 



mai;niticeiicr nl llu- >liu 



tuns uilli wliitli llu- ••(list;iiK-es" 



art- hedovd. Us location. ..ii tin- l.anks ..t" tin- l\>tomac 
RiviT. whirh is one- of tin- hroadfst rivers in the Inion— 
at WashiiiLiloii it is <.iu' and (.nt-quartcr miles wide and at 
its mouth seven and ..ne-hair miles wide— surrounded by 
the nroteetin- hiohlands of Maryland and Viroinia, is 




nil-; 1-A1MIN<. >,1..KMIN.. nl. i .1 A latl. 1 Kll .. IN MUi SKNATK (ORRlPOk. 

remarkaWlv pieturesiiue ; and the arrangement ot the 
streets and avenues, the .uroupin.U ol" the puMie Imild- 
in.us. the lari^e numlur of handsome parks and squares, 
and the rich i)rofusion of tree^, tlowers. and shrubbery 
in tin- public -rounds. -i\e to it a distinctive beauty and 



i6 



attractiveness that place it far abo\e all other cities in 
the land. Washington is to-day the handsomest city in 
America, and undoubtedly _ one of the most beautiful capi- 
tals of the world. Within the last ten years the city has 
developed rapidly. The private residences are of the best 
types and are tasteful and beautiful in decorations. Millions 
of dollars have been appropriated by the National Govern- 
ment in improving' and beautifying it, and with the mill- 
ions more expended by private enterprise, the Capital re- 



flects credit on the 
created and whose 
liberality fostered 



great people whose genius 




Its unexampled growth. 

The public edifices com- "^ 

mand the admiration of the 

world. They were projected with the same regard for 
magnitude which characterizes all the features of the Capi- 
tal, and have been constructed and adorned with a hand 
as lavish in the expenditure of. money as it is cunning in 
architectural skill and decorative genius. 

It contains many ])ri\ate libraries of \alue and many 
learned scientists, and is fast becoming a seat of learning 
for many denominations. Sociallv, it is now the winter 



Ncwpiiit ot iIk- Rcpiililic. Tlu' |)(i|)ulali(iii ot tlu' city aiul 
District of Columhi i in 1890 was two huiulrcd and thirty 
thousand li\c hundred. 

THE CAPITOL. 

Xowhcri' in the world can the counterpart of the tjrand 
Corinthian monumental builchnm, the Capitol, be found. 
It is conceded to be the largest and handsomest (iovern- 
ment buildinj^ e.\tant. The eminence, 
whose crest it surmounts, is many 
teet hiLjher than the surroundini^ 
ground, and thus the immense 
I pro|)ortions iA' the structure rise 
in majestic _s4randeur abo\e the 
city. The edifice, constructed 
o( white marble, is seven hun- 
dred and fifty-one feet long by 
three hundred and twenty-four 
teet broad, and the ground- 
plan co\ers three and one- 
half acres. The dome, whose 
apex is crowned by the 
bronze figure of the (iod- 
dess of Liberty, rises three 
hundred and ninetv-se\en 
the Potomac, and those who 
be rewarded with not only a 
splendid bird's-eye \iew of the citw l)ut a magnificent pros- 
pect o\(r the hills and \alleys of X'irginia and Maryland. 
The m.iin di\isions of the luiilding are the Rotunda, a 
Ncritable art gallery, the .Senate chamber, and the hall of 
the House ol Representati\es, with the lesser chamber of 
the Supreme Court, the Whispering C.allery, or .Statuary 




feet abo\c low tide in 
climb to the summit wi 



i8 

Hall, the President's Room, the Marble Room, and van 
ous apartments de\oted to l)usiness purposes. The west 
front is new. The Library of Congress, one of the largest 
in the world, occupies a large space on the floor with the 
Houses of Congre.ss and in the west centre of the building. 
This will soon be removed to the new Library building- 
being erected to the east of the Capitol. It contains 
eight hundred thousand books and pamphlets. The ter- 
race of white marble, adorned with statuary of the great 
men of the Republic and memorials of great deeds encir- 
cling- the north end, west side, and southern end of the 
Capitol, is unequaled. Porticos, supported by lofty col- 
umns, adorn both the east and west fronts. The grand stair- 
ways leading Irom the porticos to the pa\-ement beneath are 
made to serve a striking purpose in the decoration, and 
notable groups ot allegorical -statuary adorn the pediments 
and buttresses. The great bronze doors leading froni the 
eastern portico to the Rotunda, are iamous works ot art, 
and their jDanels i:)ortray by figures in relief the principal 
e^■ents in the life of Columbus. The rotunda is inijios- 
ing. With walls en-ibellished with paintings illustrative 
of the chief events in the histor\' ot America ; while the 
canopy, one hundred and eighty feet abo\-e the floor, is 
illumined with a series of allegorical groups representing' 
the iM'ogress of civilization. .Statuary PLill, the old House 
of Representatives, dedicated b\- Act of (rongress ot July 
2d, 1864, for a de]:)osit place of statues of two persons 
from each .State noted for ci\ic or militar\- tame, contains 
a collection of statues of the prominent soldiers, jurists, 
(M" statesmen. The Hall of Re])resentati\'es in the south 
and the Senate' Chamber in the north wing are both mag- 
nificent rooms. They are lighted from the ceilings above 
by concealed lights, and when the bodies are in session and 



19 



tlu' ^alK'rii'S lilKd with s|)i'(tat(irs it is an aniinatt'd sci-iu-. 
The MarMr Room and ihc ricsidcnt's Rodiii. in tlu- rear 
ol" the Senatt' Chanil)er, are reinarkahly hcautilul, l)()th in 
architectural finish and interior decoration. The Supreme 
('oiut room, which is open during the day, is notable as 
the judLiinent-seat of the highest tribunal in tin- land. It 
was, prior to iS6o, the Senate chamber. 'Vhv 
justices, in their silken ^owns, and the 
djonitied air which per\ ades the whole 
apartment, make the \isitor feel 
that he is in the aui^ust presence 
ol personihcd justice. 

Marble stairways, all ot which 
bear striking" decorations, both 
in bronze and stone, lead from 
the se\-eral stories of the l)uild- 
ini^. Tlu' corridors and ceilings 
are celebrated tor the frescoes 
with which the\- are illuminated ; 
and. in tact, the entire building 
is stored with treasures of brush 
and chisel, which command the 
attention_ and compel the ;ulmi- 
ration of e\en the most careless 
sightseer. .\ tew dI the lamous paint 
ings are the " Rc-call of Columbus," b\ 
Heaton : "I'.attle of Lake Krie." W. 11. Powell ; 
Fight III' Mcrrimac uid MMnitor," b\- llulsalls. 
Senate corridors are two notable paintings by 
Moran, the "Caiion of the \'.el!owstone" and the 
ol the Colorado," each costing Sio.cicx;). ()\er the west 
staircase (»f tlu- .Senate is the picture b\- lames Walker, 
" The Storming of Chapultepec." 'Che Rotunda contains 




••Naval 

In the 

Thomas 

" Canon 



20 



some \aluable jjictures, especially those by Colonel Trum- 
bull. The figures of the Re\'olutionary heroes in them 
are from life and doubh' \aluable. The\- will repay care- 




l'AINriN(, CANON OK THH 
VICI.I.OWSTONE." 



fill Study. Comfortable seats are pro\'ided in the Rotunda 
for \'isit(»rs and obligino- ouides conduct persons about. 

The Capitol Park contains about fifty acres planted in 
handsome trees, it is ornamented with parterres of flowers, 



21 

and laid out in hn.ad walks. iM.uiilain.s iliiow up wreaths 
of water with siKn- s])ray, and inajLiiiifk-cnt lamps combine 
utility with Inauty. Notable statues in the Ca|)itol grounds 
are the colossal statue of Washiniitt)n, in the east park, 
ami tlu' heroic bronze statue of Chief Justice John Mar- 
shall, at the foot of the staircase of the west i)ortico. 

The Capitol is open every day except Sunday. During 
sessions of Congress the public galleries of both Senate and 
House are open to visitors. Business usually commences at 
noon of each day and continues until late in the afternoon. 



THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. 

C.uardetl on the east by the magnificent granite pile 
forming the Treasury and on the Mest by the State, War, 
and Xa\y Building is the home and office of the Presi- 
dent of the United .States, 
located directly on Penn- 
sylvania Avenue aboxe 
Fifteenth Street. The 








building IS coiistrut'led ot 

a freestone, painted white, . .^ 

two stories high, with Ionic columns, its 

cost, to date, amounting to over a million and a hall dollars. 

The building is modeled after the palaci' of the Duke ol 



22 

Leinster, and was designed and built by architect James 
Hoban. It was begun in 1792 and occupied in 1800. It 
was called the " White House" in honor t)f the birthplace of 
Martha Washington in Virginia. It was |)artially destroyed 
by fire by the British, August 24th and 25th, 1814. The 
grounds from PennsyKania A\enue far south to the ri\er and 
W^ishington Monument, surrounding' the White House, are 
beautifully laid out by the landscape gardener. Yearly it is 
proposed enlarging the building to meet the private, social, 
and official demands, but it seems to end in speculation. 

The famous rooms, which ha\e deri\'ed their names from 
their resj)ecti\e furnishings, under Mrs. Harrison's occu- 
pancy have undergone marked improvements. 

The walls of the Blue Room are now co\ered in bro- 
cade silk, with corresponding hangings at windows and 
doors. It was through the central wind'iw in this room, 
which opens to the floor on a porch in the rear or south 
side of the W' hite House, President ( iarheld was carried 
after being shot, as it is also the room in which E.\- Presi- 
dent Clevehmd was married, and in which the President 
holds receptions on ceremonial occasions. 

The Red Room is cr)nspicuous for its handsome finish 
in delicate tones and for its interesting paintings and mag- 
nificent mantel \ases. Portraits of J. O. Adams, (iro\er 
Cleveland, Martin Van Buren, Chester A. Arthur. Z. Tav- 
lor, and a ])ortrait ol John Hampden, a supjxisetl \'and\ke. 
hang on the walls. 

The finish to the a])artment connecting with the Blue 
Room is of absinthe grc-en, relie\ed 1)\' r'jcoco-stucco and 
artistic fret work, and hangings of blending colors. The 
chandelier in this room is considered one of the hand- 
somest in the mansion. The room is adorned with por- 
tr.iits of Mrs. Haves, Mrs. Polk, and Mrs. Tvler. 



23 

Thr walls (if ihr State- l)inins^ Room arc- tk-corated in 
rt'lict ck-sij^n, ol a lii^Iit chocolatr color. 

TIk' I'.ast Room, whiih is tin- laxoritc proim-nadc (lur- 
ing' the State recepticjiis, contains a j)oi'trait of (icorge Wash- 
ington, by (iilhcrt Stuart, one of Martha Washington, 
and one of Thomas Jefferson. The ceilings are an imita- 
tion of Pompeiian mo.saic, and the chandeliers and mantel- 
places elaborate if somewhat old-fashioned. The room is 
ojjen to the pul)lic e\ery week-day from lo A. M. until 

3 P. M. 

The Conser\atories connect with the I-^ast Rt>om, and 
contain a large collection of rare plants and beautiful 
flowers. It is a feature often noticed and commented upon 
by visitors that no guards of soldiers are to be seen about 
the White- I louse. 



THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT. 

To the right or east of the White I louse is an im- 
mense granite structure, occupying a parallelogram. The 
building is surrounded by thirty Ionic columns, 
twenty-eight feet high, many of which, 
brought by ships up the Potomac, were 
hewn from the rough block directly on 
the ground. i'liis handsome structure 
is situated on Pennsyhania A\enue and 
I'ifteenth Street. Here the nation hoards 
its revenues, and here they fmd a safe de- 
posit after collection. Such guardianship is 
entrusted to an army of clerks. The cash-room, which 
is located on the corridor of the main floor, is out- of the 
most attracti\e chamliers in the building, being paneled 
in toreign and domestic marble. It is from this depart- 
ment tliat all disbursements or drafts on the Tirasurv are 




24 

honored, and where may be seen the cash \'anlts for gold 
and silver of current moneys. 

Visits can be made to the office of the Supervising- Arch- 
itect of the Treasury, the Redemption Dix'ision, the Treas- 
ury Library, the Portrait Room, the Cellar Vaults, and to 
the Secret Service Department of the Treasury, where a 
mar\'elouslv interesting collection of counterfeiters' .imple- 
ments, with bogus coins and rogues' photographs, may 
be seen. In this building for many years, and during the 
war, the greenback, national bank, and fractional currency 
of the nation was printed. This work is now done by the 
Bureau of Engraving and Printing, hereinafter described. 
V^isitors are admitted to the Treasury Department from 
9 A. M. until 2 P. M. 

THE BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING. 

Not one of the least interesting public buildings is the 
one devoted to the Bureau of Engra\ing and Pointing. 
This department is under the direct control of the .Secre- 
tary of the Treasury, although it occupies a separate struct- 
ure, of Romanesque style of architectvu'e, on the Mall south 
of the Treasury, near the Washington Monument, B and 
F"ourteenth Streets, S. W. The process of engra\ij'ig and 
printing bank-notes, bonds, and license stamps may be 
seen here from the start to finish ; the plain piece of steel 
is placed in the engra\er's hand to leave a finished plate, 
this plate then passing into the printers' room trom which 
impre.ssions on the real l)ank-note paper arc taken ; this 
brand new bank-note then goes down along the army ol 
examiners. In the j)late printing room alone there are five 
hundred Government employes, and in the entire building 
an army of fourteen hundred clerks. 



25 

A yliiiipsc- niAV l>c i)l)t;iiiu'(l ol llu- stacks ol |):ii)e'r 
inoiie\' arraii,i;r(l in tlic \aults in rc-iniilar piles, rcadv lor 
transfer and reiLiistration in ihf Trrasnrx- I )epartnient. 

If a])plication is made to the officer at the door l)e- 
tween 9 A. M. and 2 P. M. an intelhi^ent t^iiide will he 
assigned to conthict the \ isitor thron>;h the nnnu-rons in- 
ti'restiny rooms in tin- l»uildin^. 




THE STATE DEPARTHENT. 

To the left of the K.\ecuti\e ^hulsion is an imposinii' 
;r.mite huildinn risin>^ h\e stories h'om the houlexard. It 
is the State Department, sheltering also 
under its roof the Departments of the 
War and Na\v. One of the main 
points of interest in the portion of the 
l)uildin_ij' devoted to the State Depart- 
ment is the Lil)rar\-, located on the third 
floor. In a closet-like case in this room 
nia\- be seen the orii^inal Thomas Jefferson 
draft of the Declaration of Independence, to- 
gether with the desk upon which it was written and the 
original signed copy. In this room (ieneral Washington's 
sw(.)rd aiul commission as commander-in-chief are pre- 
served. The librarv numbers some lifty thousand xolumes, 
a rare collection of works pertaining to statecraft, original 
rolls of law, treaties, and documents relating to the con- 
sular and diplomatic service of the (iovernment. 

The Diplomatic Reception Room is on the seconil lloor. 
The chief interest here, apart from the rich fiu-nishings. is 
the ])ortrait gallery of former Secretaries. This is said by 
diplomats to be the finest recci)tion room of its kind in the 
world. 



26 



THE NAVY DEPARTMENT. 

In what is known as the East wing of the bnilding are 
located the varions rooms forming- the Department of the 
Navy. All along the corridors are exact reproduc- 
tions in models of the war ships forming 
the United States Navy, including many 
of the old and all of the new men-of-war 
and monitors. 

The Na\'al Department Library, a room 
worth \isiting, is on the fourth floor. The 
walls are beautiful specimens of paneled 
marble, and the chandeliers marvels in their 
way. The number of l)ooks forming the naval 
library is about twenty thousand. The Hydro- 
graphers' Office, with its marvelous chart print- 
ing press, and the room of the Nautical Almanac 
are also in this portion of the building. In all of 
the public buildings in Washington elevators are provided 
for the public. 

THE WAR DEPARTMENT. 

This department is located in the west wing of the 
building. Undoubtedly the most magnificent suite of apart- 
ments are those occuj^ied by the Secretary of 
War. The walls are adorned with a collection 
of portraits of former Secretaries and distin- 
guished generals. The most interesting relics 
of the War Department to the tourist are 
the fac siniilc uniforms adorning dummy 
figures, dating from the time the army was or- 
ganized to the j)resent day and including the uni- 
forms of (officers and privates. In cases bordering 
the corridors are representative displays of national 





27 

lla_ns, main' lioni ihcir tattered appt^arancc lia\in^' seen 
acti\e ser\iei\ thou!:^!! some are new. The Library ol the 
War Department, eontainint; twenty thousand xolumes. is 
on the tilth floor. The hahistrades, marble panels, and 
general decorations throui^hout the State Department are 
mai^iiiticent and should be noted carefully. These three 
dej^artnients under one roof are 0|)en to the public as 
follows : The .State Department iVom lo A. M. until 2 
P. M., dailv. except Thursdays and .Sundays. The Navy 
Department from 9 A. M. until 2 P. M. and the War 
Department from 9 A. M. until 2 P. .M., daily, excejd 
Sunda\-. 

THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT. 



THE PATENT OFFICE. 

I'rom the portico of the Patent Office, which is a 
massive Doric structure of freestone, marble, and granite, 
located from Seventh to Ninth Streets, and from 
to (i Streets, N. W., an extensive view west is 
commanded far out F Street to the Treasury. 
Of the Interior Department's seven branches 




or bureaus, the two most important ones 
are Patents and Pensions. The Patent 
Huilding" is one of the handsomest of all 
the public offices, and is excellently 
arranged. Tin- chief interest attaches to the Museum of 
Models, in which there is a model of every machine or 
device ever patented in the I'nited States. The re\iew 
of these strangt; devices of .the in\i-nli\e mind is well 
calculateil to exhaust tlu' tinu' of the tourist, and it is 
hard, indeed, to lea\e such a store-house of valuable and 
instructive information. An interesting relic to be seen 



28 

liere is the ori_i>inal printing press used by Benjamin Frank- 
lin. There is also a striking' painting in the Museum 
by Allred Fredericks. The Museum of Models is open 
from 9 A. M. until 2 P. M. 

THE PENSION OFFICE. 

This immense brick structure, ornamented by a border 
of terra-cotta bas relief, is built on what is known as the 
^^^ north portion of Judiciary Square. It is an im- 
mense fire-prool structure, whose entire inte- 
rior is thrown open as a vast court, circled 



r--*. 



>^. 



''^J/ff* ^^ with four galleries leading into the depart- 
' i '''■ .''- mental rooms. On the ground floor, in 

V J4^- ^'^^ centre, plays a beautiful fountam, and 
,^^^>' on opposite walls hang huge oil portraits 

V ^ of Harrison and Morton. The buildiny was 



dedicated to public uses on the 4th of March, 
1885, when the grand ball in honor of the inau- 
guration of President Cleveland was held within its .spa- 
cious walls, which will accommodate eighteen thousand per- 
sons comfortably. It is one of the latest acquisitions to the 
number of public buildings, anci differs from the others in 
its simplicity as well as in the materials used — brick, terra- 
cotta, and iron. It is a very large structure, covering two 
acres, in which the enormous business of the Pension 
Office is transacted in its multitude of offices. Here is kept 
the record of Pension applicants ; more than one million two 
hundred thousand cases are on its files. This office is open 
from 9 A. M. to 2 P. M. 

It is estimated the building cost $1,000,000 and reciuired 
in construction fifteen million bricks, being the largest build- 
ing- of its kind in the workl. 



29 



FORD'S THEATRIi. 

I'Ord's TluMtin-, wluTf Mr. Lincoln was assassinated 
April 141I1, iS()5, \u>\\ ilif propcrtv of the United States, is 
situated on Tenlli Street hehnv I'. 1 1 is occupied by clerks 
en^at>cd in the Record and Pension 1 )i\isions of the War 
Departnu-nl. The front of the buildint>- has not been 
changed, and directly opposite is a small three-story brick 
house, pri\ate property. No. 516 Tenth Street, northwest, 
in whith Mr. Lincoln died on the morning' of April 15th, 
1S65. A marble slab in the front of the house indicates 
this fact. 

THE POST=OFFICE DEPARTMENT. 

Directly opposite the Patent Office on F .Street is the 
General Post-Ofiice Building'. It is a granite building in the 
Corinthian style of architecture, commenced in 1839 
and finished in 1869, at a cost of $2,700,000, 
though it hardly seems to justify such an ex- 
penditure o\' mone\-. In the Postmaster-Cjcner- 
al's Department, which is attracti\ely furnished, 
are portraits of former incumbents. The Dead- 
Letter ( )ffit'e Museum is extrcinelv interesting, 
stocked, as it is. with every conceivable curio 
taken from unredeemed letters and packages. 
A \'erv good idea ol how the \ ast business ol 
the Post-Oftice is conducletl may be obtained by reviewing 
this building. One jjarticularly interesting feature in the 
numlier to be seen heri' is the force of one huiidred clerks 
busilv opening dead letters ;' this may be xieweil from a 
gallerv al)o\'i' the busy workers. The book ot accounts 
kept b\ neiijamin LiMiiklin, Inst Postmaster-( ieni-ral ol tin- 




30 

Colonics, is here treasured. The buikhng is open from g 
A. M. until 2 P. M. It should not be confused with the 
City Post-Office, as is frequently the case. 

THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

Every one interested in the seed de])artment \isits the 
Agricultural Building, which is directly west of the Smith- 
sonian Building. This department, now 
under a Secretary, is the last of the Cabi- 
net creations. The grounds surround- 
ing the particular department build - 
^^' ing are arranged with a \'iew to the 




>f, 



.>.i^' 



combination of beauty with utility, 
\fv as the collection of plants embraces 
about sixteen hundred varieties. The 
experimental grounds cover fully ten acres. Within the 
building, in the museum, is shown a complete exhibition 
of the agricultural, horticultural, pomological, and botan- 
ical productions of the country, and it is enriched with 
an elaborate library. Independent of the conser\'atories 
which contain large collections, there are on the grounds 
propagating houses, a grapery, rose-house, and an ex- 
perimental garden. There is also a large miscellaneous 
collection of trees, shrubs, and plants ; and the entomo- 
logical department is complete. The high ground on 
which the building is situated gives a magnificent ^•iew 
of the surrounding countrv. It is open from g A. M. until 
4 P. M. 

THE BOTANICAL GARDENS. 

The conservatories of the Botanical ( iardens are situ- 
ated on Pennsylvania Avenue at the western base of Cap- 
itol Hill, and fronting the west of the Capitol. The 



iirounds, whiili arc adoriud with trees and shruhs of 
f\ I ry clinu', comprise ten acres. The conservatory con- 
tains a nire collection of tropical plants. In the Rotunda 
is a \ariety of palms ; in the east winy' are plants of South 
Sea Islands, South Africa, and Australia ; in the west \vinj4 
plants of China, Japan, Kast and West Indies, and Mex- 
ico. The jjropagatiny and packing' departments are close 
by and should be visited. These gardens are open to 
the pulilic e\ery week-day. 

THE UNITED STATES FISH COnniSSION. 

Tlu' building occupied by the Fish Commission is situated 
at the northwest corner of Sixth and B Streets, .S. W., antl 
was formerly known as the Armory. The famous Grotto 
of Marine Aquaria alone would amply repay a visit to 
this place. On the grovmd-floor of this building are mod- 
els and a rare collection of shells. The Grotto j^roper is 
reached from one of the avenues leading from the main 
room. It is constructed of glass, and one may well imagine 
himself wandering along the bottom of the sea with e\erv 
weird s])ecimen of hsh gliding by and glaring at his intru- 
sion. The building affords illustrations of fish-hatching 
stations, models of fish -ways, and the appliances used in 
the hatching and distril)Uti<)n of (ish. The aquariums con- 
tain rare antl tine specimens of hsh. The walls in the 
open room are hung with paintings and drawings perti- 
nent to the fnuu' tril)ts. The car|)-p()nds for the pro- 
pagation of carp and other \arieties of the tiiuu" familv 
are situated near the Washington Monument, where mav 
also be seen a magnificent display of atiuatii" plants. The 
Fisii Conuiiission Building is open from c) ,\. M. until 
4 I'. .M. 



32 



DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. 

Directly opposite the United States Treasury, on Penn- 
sylvania Avenue, is a large building, originally erected for 
the Freedmcn's Hank. The upper floors of this 
building are now devoted to the Department 
of Justice. While j^ossibly not containing- 
as much of attractive interest as some 
of the other National Departments, time 
spent in re\ie\ving the rooms will not be 
wasted. It is in this Department that the 
main office of the United States Attorney- 
(leneral is located. (3ne particular object of in- 
erest is the portrait gallery of the Attorney-Generals of 
the United States. The Department is open from 9 A. M. 
until 2 P. M. 




THE GOVERNHENT PRINTING OFFICE. 

This extensixe building is located at North Capitol 
and H Streets, N. E. 

To one of the same art it appeals strongly, but to the 
visitor with limited time other public buildings hold more 
of attraction. The general idea regarding the amount of 
goverment printing is very \ague, and a \-isit to this de- 
partment will clear it. The \ast work of government print- 
ing is divided into a perfect system. On the first floor are 
press and reading rooms ; on the second are the compos- 
ing rooms and offices ; on the third floor the binding, and 
the fourth floor is de\-oted to the folding. After lea\ing 
one has a fair idea of the amount ni |)rinting necessary 
for an acti\e goN-ernment. It is open lor \isitors from 
9 A. M. until 2 v. M. 



THK SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 

riic Sinilhsonian Inslitutioii is a liandsoim- structure built 
of tVeestone. oostiui; $450,000, Iniilt in the Norman style ot 
the twelfth reiiturv. It is crowned and overtopped by towers 
and turrets of xaryiiii; styles and hei.^hts. The surround- 
injLi orounds embrace about fifty acres, beautifully laid out 
in walks, drives, and flowcrd)eds, and plantetl with one 
hundred and fifty varieties of trees. The institution was 
fountled and endowed by James Smithson. of London, 
Kn,i;land, for the " increase and ditilusion ol knowledt^e 
anions.;- men." It contains many \aluable scientific speci- 
mens — birds, shells, stones, bas reliefs, includinu^ the Loril- 
lard Collection, and the fmious Stone of Sacrifice, which 
fii^ured in the CcMicjuest of tlie .Aztec Kins.;s. A bronze 
statue of Professor Joseph Henry, first .secretary oJ the 
Smithsonian Institution, stands a short distance north ot 
the builtlin^. It is open for \isitors from 9 -A. M. until 
4 P. M. 

THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

This edifice has the reputation of beins.; one ol the 
most ])erfect in desiiiii for its purj)ose of any in existence. 
Its architecture is Romanesque ; its en- 
ky' trance is crowned by an allegorical group, 
iC^'^V ^'^'li""l'i=i 'i^ Protectress of Science and In- 
'^ dustrv. It is one of the most attractive 
^r- - ^ buiklings in the city, as it contains a vast 
J^^iJ'^ collection of objects of recognized interest 
to every one, including specimens ol pottery, 
ceramics, and textiles drawn from all (luarters 
!*• of the globt- and representing all stages ot ci\- 
ilization. Ww ethnological, metallurgical, and geo- 
logical exhibition is largi- and coiniilele : a r.ire collection 




34 



of fossils, mammals, insects, and antiquities ; a materia 
medica and food exhibit and an extensive range of speci- 
mens of boats, costumes, and implements relating to fish- 
eries form a part of the enormous display of instructive 

objects. The United States 
Centennial exhibit is 
deposited here, and 
the domestic relics 
of General Wash- 
/ JRi 2!k fiUlTa"; \ ington, and do- 

nations to the 
United States 
by foreign gov- 
ernments. By no 
means the least 
interesting of 
the exhibits 
are many 
battle- 
t o r n 




flags, 

relics of the 

late war. Objects 

which attract universal attention are those which belonged 

to Generals Washington and Jackson, as well as Grant, 

for independent of the personal belongings of the great 

Rebellion hero, in this museum are collected the presents 

he received from foreign potentates and nations on his 



.1^ 

tour of the world. Huiulrt-ds of cases also arc fillccl with 
iiK-dals, ixnxx'lains. and t^jathcrinj^s of curios from I'nitcd 
States Exj)loriiis4 I-^xpcditious. 

One hall is dcxoud to anticjuitics, cthnoloiLiy, and ma- 
teria metlica, anolher to mammals, one to ijraphic arts and 
color-work, tapestries, types of mankind in wax and cos- 
tumed, and in one open room is the threat painting of 
H. Sandham, entitled the "March of Time." 

The rotunda is beautified by a centered fountain rep- 
resentiuii" " Lil)erty," together with a graceful grouping 
of statuary and vases. 

This Museum adjoins the Smithsonian Institution, and 
is one of the buildings not to be omitted if the tour of 
Washington is to be made complete. Its doors are open 
from 9 A. M. niilil 4 P. M. 

THE ARHY AlEDICAL MUSEUH AND LIBRARY. 

East of the National Museum, at the corner of H and 
Seventh Streets. S. \\\, is the four-story brick building, 
devoted to a museum and library for the Army Medical 
Department. To the medical profession it holds specimens 
oi untold \alue antl study ; in the la\nian this \ er\- museum 
inspires horror and awe, ])articularly the anatomical and 
medical departments, which contain exhibits in wax of 
models showing the eftect of disease and gunshot wdunds. 
The exhibition of surgical instruments is elaborate. Inter- 
esting displays are made of hos])ital models, ambulances, 
guidons, and nlics of the Sioux campaign. 

This is one of the most fascinating buildings in Wash- 
ington, as the uncanny character of its contents are calcu- 
lated to attract the \isitor. The building is opi-n tiom 
9 A. M. until 4 I'. M. 



36 




CORCORAN GALLERY OF ART. 

Thcjugh not a public buildino- in the sense of being 
under Government patronage, the Corcoran Art (lallery is 
one of the most interesting institutions in the 
National Capital. It is located on the north- 
east corner of Se\'enteenth and Pennsyl- 
\'ania A\'enue, and was erected by Mr. 

f^jH^ W. W. Corcoran in 1859, being the free 
"■^^^ gift from that eminent philanthropist to 

-^^ the jjublic, with an endowment fund of 

;^i,ooo,ooo. It is in the Renaissance style, 
two stories in height. The niches facing- 
Pennsylvania Avenue are adorned with four marble statues 
by M. Ezekiel, representing Durer, Raphael, Phidias, and 
Angelo. The bronze lions guarding the entrance are 
copies of Canova's at the tomb of Pope Clement XIII., 
Rome. The collection of paintings, sculpture, and bronzes 
is very large, embracing works of the most eminent art- 
ists of the world, but mostly contemporaneous. Many of 
the paintings in the galleries are well known by repro- 
ductions, such as "Caesar Dead," by Gerome ; "On the 
Coast of New Jersey," by W. T. Richards ; "The Help- 
ing Hand," by Emile Renouf ; " Boulogne-Sur-Mer," by 
E. Vail; "Breton Widow," In" J. A. Breton; "French 
Cuirassiers Bringing in Ba\arian Prisoners;" "The Pass- 
ing Regiment," by Edward Detaille, and many other paint- 
ings of note, by Vibert, Daubigny, Henner, Bastien-Le- 
page, and Rico. It also contains many historical relics. 

Free admission is granted on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
Saturdays, from 9 A. M. until 4 P. M. The Corcoran 
Collection is one of the features of a \isit to Washington 
and which should not be missed. 



THE NAVAL OBSERVATORY. 

Tin- \a\;il Oliscrvatoi')', situatrd at tlu- tool of 'rwciity- 
loiiilh Street, on the hanks of the Potomac, is open h-oni 
9 A. M. to 4 v. M. 

( )ne inteiestinj4 fact perhaps generally unknown is that 
tlu- " meridian " of Washington passes through the centre 
of the dome of this building-, and the large time ball is 
dropped e\ erv da\- at 12 M. from the mast, and instantly 
noon time is transmitted by telegraph to al! |)arts ot the 
United States. The chronometer-room contains a su])ply 
of instruments used in the na\y, as well as the appa- 
ratus which regulates the standard time of the country. 
The astronomical instruments are numerous — the chief one 
being the great equatorial, one of the largest telescopes in 
the world, costing $47,000. Visitors are admitted freely by 
dav, but the number of night visitors is restricted by reason 
of interference with astronomical work. 

The librarv contains about thirteen thousand Nolumes. 
A charming view may be had from this building of the 
River Park, which has been reclaimed by the (ioxernment 
at an enormous expense. 

THE WASHINGTON BARRACKS. 

Tlu' Washington Barracks are rt-ached by cars or car- 
riage, and are in full \iew r// roiitrU) Mt. Wrnon. They are 
locatetl on the southernmost point of land in the city, at the 
foot of Four and One-half Street. The grounds, covered 
with trees, reach to the water's edgv, and a stone wall j^re- 
\ lilts the encroachment of the'Potoma(\ The old Iniilding, 
rendered famous by the prominent part it played in the 
assassination trials, is in these grounds, liuler om- ot its 
cells the Inxly of Booth was for some time buried, li uus 



38 

formerly known as the Arsenal, and was then the store- 
house of the Government's ammunition. The grounds 
comprise some seventy acres, and points worthy of visit- 
ing are the guard-house, in front of which the scaffold was 
erected upon which Mrs. Surratt and the other conspira- 
tors in the assassination of President Lincoln were hanged, 
the hospital magazines, rifle ranges, officers' quarters, the 
wharf where the assassin Booth's body was landed, and 
the band quarters. If weather and time are favorable, 
guard mount, which takes place daily at 9 A. M., is inter- 
esting to witness. The yard is open from 9 A. M. to the 
firing of the sunset gun. 

riARINE BARRACKS. 

These barracks are located on Eighth Street between G 
and I Streets. S. E., and are open all the day ; upon ap- 
plication to the non-commissioned officer at the gate, 
proper guide and direction will be given for review. The 
popular attraction clustering about this place grows out of 
the fact that it is the headquarters of the Marine Band, 
which holds its concerts in the Armory two days a week. 
In 1814 the British burned these barracks, but they were 
rebuilt at a cost of $335,636. The marine corps numbers 
about twenty-fi\e hundred men. 

THE NAVY YARD. 

The Navy Yard comprises forty-two acres on the north 
bank of the east branch of the Potomac River, and is famous 
for having the largest gun-shop in the world ; all the ten 
and twelve-inch guns used by the United States Govern- 
ment are cast and rifled here, and the process may be wit- 
nessed after securing a permit of entrance. The gun- 
shop alone is fi\e hundred feet in length. To the wharf 



39 

llu' r(.-ci'i\ iiH4 ^lii|> Pixlr is rhaiiK-d, and \ isitors arc ad- 
inillcd upon application. I'lu- "tar" in all his iinniacu- 
latc wliitcncss may be seen cutting out tnnisers, cleanin,i(^ 
"uns or decks, making his curiously-knotted desiy^ns in 
rope, and ah()\e all droning his weird soni^s. The medical 
department or dispensary connected with the Navy Yard 
is a great institution, and one worthy a \isit. The average 
of accidents to the men is large, necessitating a surgeon 
and assistant on duty the entire day. Among other points 
of particular interest in the \'ard are the Commandant's 
quarters, the Museum of Naval Relics and Weapons, the 
Ordnance Storehouse, and the (km Park. The Yard proper 
employs about twelve hundred men and is open week-days 
from 9 A. M. until sunset. 

THE WEATHER BUREAU. 

The small, l)ut attractixe building occupied bv the 
Weather Bureau, is situated at the corner of M and Twenty- 
second Streets. The staff of employes conducting this De- 
partment is very much larger than would be imagined. 
In the various rooms much may be seen of interest. 
Here are kept in actixe use instruments for measuring the 
velocity ol the wind with delicate barometers and curiouslv 
de\ised instruments for determining the \olume of rainfall. 
It is open from 9 A. M. until 2 P. M. 

NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN. 

About a mile beyond the cit\- on Rock Creek is the 
commencement ot what promises to be a great Nati(^»nal 
Zoological (larden. 

It was started origin. dly by a donation to the ( lox crn- 
ment of lixing animals ; this collection grew from time to 
time by additional gifts, and was formerly housed in the 



40 

rear of the Smithsonian Institution. Finding- the quarters 
were entirely too confined Congress in 18S9 innxhased a 
tract of land for $176,128 on Rock Creek, and planned the 
present gardens, which cover in area about one hundred 
and seventy-five acres. The collection there at present is 
large and warrants a visit. 

THE NEW LIBRARY BUILDING. 

In 1887 Congress authorized the building of a magnifi- 
cent structure in which to store the national collection of 
books. It is now in process of construction, se\'eral hun- 
dred feet east of the House wing of the Capitol. It covers 
nearly four acres, and is to be of granite and marble, in 
the style of Italian renaissance. It is estimated that the 
inner rooms will accommodate two million five hundred 
thousand and the outer five million five hundred thou- 
sand books. The cost of the building is to run far into 

the millions. 

THE INDIAN OFFICE. 

Between Ninth and Tenth on F Street, N. W., occupying 
the fifth and sixth floors of the Atlantic Building, is the In- 
dian Office. Those particularly interested may see samples 
of work done at the various Indian schools in the States and 
collect current data in regard to the growing ^\■ork among 
the red men. 

HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE. 

The Government Hospital for the Insane was founded in 
1855. It is reached by cars to the Navy Yard and thence 
transfer to Anacostia, which is within one mile of the Asy- 
lum. The building, which accommodates one thousand 
patients, occupies a beautiful site overlooking the river and 
city. The da)- set aside for general \isitors is Wednesday 
from 2 until 6 P. M. 



41 



WHERE (lARFIELI) FELL. 



The spot wIktc at nooiulay on that niciiiorablc July 2(1, 
iSSi, the President fell l)y the hand of an assassin is in the 
ladies' waitin^-rooin of the Pennsylvania Railroad Station, 
at the corner of P) and Sixth Streets, N. W. The exact sj)ot 



^H,^^'. 




is marked by a hwi^^v brass star inibeildcd in the tilu tloor. 
faced by a carved marble tablet on the wall. It has been 
a spot many Ikuc journeyed from afar to see. and these 
impressive though plain marks are ^azed at with sad e\es 
ami lu'a\ \- hearts b\' a mullituile ilailv. 



42 



THE PRINCIPAL HONUMENTS. 

The monuments of the Capital constitute a collection of 
memorial tributes in marble and bronze unsurpassed in the 
world. F'irst, among all, is 

THE WASHINGTON MONUMENT, 

situated on the crest of a slight eminence in the open 
erounds to the south of the Executi\^e Mansion. This 
was begun July 4th, 1878, and completed and dedicated 
.February 2 2d, 1884, with 
nies. It is a plain granite 



rising to the height of fi\ e 
fiftv-five feet, and -t 



%. 

V^ 

^ 



^i> 



miposmg ceremo- 
shaft or obelisk, 
j hundred and 

^. - » is the loftiest 

lit 




memorial shaft in the world. The inte- 
rior is fitted with an iron stairway of 
nine hundred steps, and a passenger elevator running every 
half hour from 9 A. M. to 5 R M., by which the ascent may 
be made. A magnificent view is had from within the top 
on a clear day. 

Equestrian Statue of (General Jackson, 
in bronze, Lafayette .Square, opposite Executi\'e Mansion. 



43 




l'",(,tri si Ki AN .SiATri'. ()|- Wasiiin(;i(»n, 

l)y C'laik Mills, Washington Circle, Twenty-third Street 
West, at the intersection of PennsyKania and New Hamp- 
shire Avenues. Cast from gims donated by Congress. 
Represents W^ashington at the battle of Princeton. 

Equestrian' .SrAiri-. oi- (".i:ni",kai. .Scott, 
in bronze. .Scott .S(|uare, intersection of Massachusetts and 
Rhode Island Axenues. Cast from can- 
non captured by ( ieneral .Scott in the Mex- 
ican war. 

I-J,>1 i:STKIAX S'TATIK OI' ( ii:N I".U A I. 
McPlII'.RSON, 

in bronze, McPherson .S(|uare, X'ermont 
Avenue, between I and K .Streets. Erect- 
ed to the memory of ( ieneral J. H. McPher- 
son, killed near Atlanta, 1864. 

EqIF.STRIAX .StATlE 

Ol' 

( il-.NI.RAI. CiRKENE, 

in bronze, in ( ireene 
.Sciuare, intersection of 
Massacliusetts and 
M.irvland .A.\e!Uies. 
Erected to the memor\- 
of General Nathaniel 
Greene, of Revolution- 
arv tame. 

Coi.o.ssAi. liKONZE Stati'e 6t C^)Mmodoke Farrach t, 

Farragut .Sciuare, Connecticut .Xxenue, between I and K 
.Streets. 




44 

Equestrian Statue of General Thomas, 

in bronze, Thomas Circle, intersection of Massachusetts and 
Vermont Avenues. Erected to the memory of General 
George H. Thomas. 

Heroic Bronze Statue of General Rawlins, 

Rawlins Square, New York Avenue, southwest of the State 
Department. 

Heroic Bronze Statue of Admiral Dupont, 

Dupont Circle, intersection of Massachusetts, Connecticut, 
and New Hampshire Avenues. 

Bronze Group — " Emancipation," 

Lincoln Square, East Capital Street, one mile east of the 
Capitol. Represents Abraham Lincoln bestowing freedom 
on the slaves. 

Naval Monument, or Monument of Peace, 

marble, Pennsylvania Avenue, western base of Capitol Hill. 
Erected to the memory of officers, seamen, and marines who 
fell in the late war. 

Bronze Statue of Martin Luther, 

Luther Place, near Thomas Circle. 

Bronze Statue of President Garfield, 

Maryland Avenue, southwest base of Capitol Park. 

Each one of these statues forms the central feature of the 
park, square, or circle in which it stands. 



WASHINGTON'S SUBURBS. 



GEORGETOWN, 

or West Washington, is si^panittd trdni tlu' main city 1)\' 
Rock Creek. It is a pretty section of the metroj)olis. and 
from its heights many picturesque views of the Potomac and 
the Capital may be enjoyed. !t is a deli^litful ch-i\e from 
the National Capital or a pleasant ride by the street-cars. 
Oak Hill Cemetery, one of the most beautifully located 
cemeteries in the country, is located at Georgetown. 

SOLDIERS' HOHE. 

The Soldiers' Home affords another delightful dri\e 
from the citv of Washington out beyond the city suburbs 
and through picturesque surroundings to the door of the 
Home. The grounds cover some five hundred acres, and 
within them a large number of veterans find a permanent 
Home. It was here President Arthur spent his summer 
vacations. 

The white marl)le buildiiigs are solid and substantial, and 
the park one of the handsomest in the country. A famous 
view is obtained through a cut in tin- trees which forms a 
veritable frame of boughs arounil the hazy Capitol and its 
dome far away in the distance. A magnificent view of the 
city and its surroundings may l)e enjoyed from the cle\at- 
cd hi'ight, crowning which is- the main building of the 
Home. ( )n thr rduiii drive oiu' luay pass the Library, 
the I'niled .States National C'rnietcrw and the Catholic 
University. 

(45) 



46 



ARLINGTON. 



The National Capital may be \isited, but thoroughly 
never until seen from Arlington, which is situated on the 
Virginia shore of the Potomac, on \'erv high ground, 




known as Arlington Heights, commanding an extensi\'e 
view in every direction. The mansion is a grand exam- 
ple of the homestead of an old Virginia family, having" been 
formerly the home of the Lees. The grounds, some two 
hundred acres, arc now dedicated to the purposes ot a 



47 

iiatiiHial c(.nu-tcr\', which coiUain the ashts ol sixteen thou- 
sand I'nion sciUHers. ( .1 n( I'.il Sheridan's tomb is fhrectly 
facin<4 thr mansion, and fioin this i)oint Washinj^^ton 
stretches in hird's-eve \ iew . The road to ArHntiton leads 
o\er the New Hridye and 1)\- lort Me\er. tin- only jL;arri- 
soned |)(^st in the \icinit\' < it tlie Capital. 

FORI HEYER. 

This fa\()rit<' I'nited States caxalry post is situated a 
short distance northwest from Arlin.ijton Heights, in \ir- 
ginia, and is the only one of the many forts constructed 
near Washington during the late war that has not been 
dismantU'd. A \ isit to the mess-rooms, parade-ground, 
and tlu- stables is not without interest. It is considered, 
in the armv, one of the most desirable garrison stations 
in the ser\ice, t'rom the fact of its close contact with the 
higher officials and ga\etv of Washington life. 

MOUNT VERNON. 

riu' tri|) from Washington to Mouiu X'ernon is one re- 
plete with interest. The commcxlious iron steamer leaves 
her wharf at .Se\enth Street e\ erv day. except Simday, at 
lo.oo A. M. As slu' glides down the stream in the start, 
on the right ma\- be .seen the reclaimed grounds, three 
miles in extent, to the left is the arsenal and barracks, 
while a magnificent view at this point is obtained up the 
eastern branch of the Potomac, and ot the Long Hritlgi- 
over the main branch ot the Potomac ; lurther on to the 
right the pictui(S(|ue old s|)ircs and dilapidated warehouses 
of Alexandria loom up. When passing directly in Iront 
<jf the old citv tin- top of Christ Church, where Washing- 



4>^ 




ton worshiped, may be seen, as well as the old Hraddock 
House, where Washington received his commission as 

aide de camp to Brad- 
dock and under whose 
roof the P'ort Duquesne 
campaign was mapped 
out. 

( )n the Maryland side 
of the river old Fort 
Foote is passed, then the 
modern adornment of 
the remodeled Fort 
Washington, with its 
liuj^e earthworks and 
modern block shell sys- 
tem of defense. Thence 
on for se\eral miles, and 
to the right, peering- from out the foliage, is the hrst \iew 
of the famous mansion on the hill, made known to the 
tourist by the tolling of the steamer's bell. 

No trip to Washington is complete unless it is e.Ktended 
to Mount Vernon, the home of the Father of his Country. 
It is reached in about one and one-half hours by the boat. 
The mansion, located on the right bank of the Potomac, 
going down, is fifteen miles from Washington. It is built 
of wood, and is under the fostering care of the Ladies' 
Mount \'ernon Association. It remains, in all its appoint- 
ments, just as it was when occupied by (ieneral Washing- 
ton. Mount Vernon, the American Mecca, descended to 
George Washington from his half-brother, Lawrence Wash- 
ington, whose title came from a relati\e Irom Lord C^lI- 
])epper bv i)atent. The Mount Vernon estate was W-- 
(lueathcd b\- Augustine Washington, who died in 174;^, 



49 

lo Law rciui- \\'a>liiiiL;l(in, who w.is a lapLi'm in the l^riti>li 
colonial arnn- in tin- war against Spain and I-'rancc. He 
met Aihniral X'ernon (liiriny this war and in his honor 
named his Huntinin Creek estate Mount X'ernon, or he ,<;a\e 
this name to that portion on which the house stands. The 
central section of the iiouse was huilt by Lawrence W^ish- 
iuiiton, and ( ieorm- Washington built the wings. Here he 
resided and here he died December 14th, 1799. The old 
lamilv \ault of freestone and turf is to the right of tin- man- 




sion, in lhi> Washington's l)od\- la\- until ( )ctober 7th. i>>37. 
when his bod\- was placed in the marble .sarcophagus in 
which it now lies in the tomb erected in 1S36-7. The relics 
in and about the house are \aluable and interesting, ant! 
the stocked deer park of fifteen acres, the \arious build- 
ings adjoining the mansion, the old tombs, and the grouiuls 
generallv will |)rofitablv occuja' thi' tourist's time. Tiie 
main tomb is on llu' wa\- h'om the landing to the house, 
and iniellii^ent s^iiides otter i'\ ery explanation. 



Points of Inthrest in and about Washington. 



s- 



AU of these points are reached by street-cars or Herdic 

lines directly or indirectly connected with the street-car lines 

running' in front of or near the Penn- 

syh'ania Railroad Station. None of 

the public building-s are open to 

\isitors on .Sunday : — 

United .States Capitol, Capitol 
Hill. Open 9 A. U. to 5 P. M. 

United States Treasury, corner 
Fifteenth .Street and Pennsylva- 
nia Avenue. Open 10 A. M. to 
2 P. M. 

White House, corner .Sixteenth 
Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. 
Open 10 A. M. to 2 P. U. 
Patent Office, corner .Seventh 
and F .Streets, Nortlnvest. 0]ien \n 
A. M. to 2 P. ISI. 
Bureau of Fngravini;- and Priuting, corner 
Fourteenth and B Streets, Southwest. Open 10 A. M. to 2 P. .M. 
Government Printing Office, corner N. Capitol and H .Streets, 
Northeast. Open 10 A. M. to 2 P. M. 

Smithsonian Institution, near Tenth and B .Streets, Southwest. 
Open 9 A. M. to 4.30 P. M. 

National Museum, near Nintli and 1'. Streets, .Southwest. ( )i)en 
9 A. M. to 4.30 P. M. 

Medical Museum, corner .Seventh and B .Streets, .Soutliwest. 
Open 9 A. M. to 4.30 P. M. 

(5c) 




Tlio Old I'oid Thealrc, 'reiitli Street between E and !•" Streets, 
Northwest, t )pen 9 A. M. to 2 I'. M. 

Ajjricultural Department, ciinur 'I'urluli and \'> Streets, South- 
west. Open 9 A. M. to 4 P. .M. 

Corcoran Art (iallery, corner .Seventeenth .Street and Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue. Open 9 A. M. to 4 P. M. 

Pension Office, (i Street l)etween l-onrlli and l-iftli. ( )|)en 
9 A. M.to 2 P. M. 

Tnited States Deaf and l)uml) liisliliilf, " Keiulall ( irct-u." I>\ 
carriage or street-car. 

Mt. X'ernon .Steamer, .Seventh Street Wharf. Ten o'clock .\. .M. 

National Soldiers' Home. By carria.iCf. 

Arlington Cemetery. By carria.>^e. 

United States Navy \'ard, Eishtli Street, Southeast. Open 8 
A. M. to 5 P. M. 

State, War, and Navy Deparlinenl, Seventeenth .Street and 
Pennsylvania Avenue. Open from 10 A. M. to 2 P. M. 

Zoological Park, Massachusetts Avenue. 

I'nited States Naval (Observatory, Seventeenth Street. Oi)en 10 
A. M. to 2 P. iM. 

Botanical Gardens, First .Street antl Penns\lvania .\ venue. 
Open 8 A. M.to 5 P. M. 

United States P'ish Commission, .Sevenlli and 1! .Streets. South- 
west. Open 9 A. M. to 4 P. M. 

Washington Monument, " Tiu- M.ill. " Oj^en 9 A. .M. to 5 P. M. 

I'nited .States Insane As\lum. Open Wetlnesdavs. .Anacosti 
Heights. 

Catholic rni\ersit\-. I'",iectric car. 



INDEX 



Sketcli ami ( )liiccl of the ("r. A. K • 3 

Past riiiiiniaiHleis-in-Chit'f of llu- d. A. R 5 

The L'hy of Washington ; — 

Tlif National Capital ...',.. 13 

The Capitol 17 

The Executive Mansion 21 

The Treasury Department 23 

'Ihe Kureaii of^ l'"nijra\ int; and I'rinlin.n 24 

'l"he State Department 25 

Pile Na\ y Department 26 

The ^Var Department 26 

The interior Department: — 

The Patent Oftk-e 27 

The Pension Oflice 28 

Ford's Theatre . . 2y 

The Post-Office Department 29 

The Dejiartment of Agriculture ... 30 

The I'.otanical (".ardens 30 

Tlie I'nited States Fish Commission 31 

Department of Justice 32 



The C.o\ trnment Printin.i; ( )lfice . . . . 
The Smithsonian Institution 

The National Museum 

The .\rmy Medical Museum and I.ilirar> 

Corcoran (;allery of .\rl 

The Naval Observatory 

The W'ashin.tjlon I'.arracks 

Marine Harracks 

The N"a\\ ^'ard 



'llie WimIIk-i- l'.iir<.-:iii 39 

Naliiinal /imloniial ("rarik-ii 3^ 

The New I.ihiaiA HuiUliiiK 4° 

The Indian OHiLU 40 

Hospital for Insane 40 

Where C.airield Fell 41 

The I'lincipal Moniinienls 42 

Washin^lon's Suhurhs ; — 

(ieornelown 4^ 

Soldiers' Home 45 

ArliiiKlon 46 

Fori Meyer 47 

Mount N'ernon 47 

I'oinls of Interest in and ahoul WashinntoM 1^ 




aGTON City 

8 ENVIRONS. 



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